Air-injecting device for boiler-furnaces



(No Model.)

E. B. CGRNELL.

AIR INJBGTING DEVICE FOR BOILER FURNACES.

No. 880,476. I Patented Apr. 3, 1888.

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UNITED' STATES PATENT @rrrcno ELIJAH B. CORNELL, or PHILADELPHIA,PnNNsYLvANIA.

AIR-INJECTING DEVICE FOR BOILER-FURNACES.

$PECIPIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,4:75, date-:1AprilS, 1888.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, ELIJAH B. CORNELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAir-Injecting Devices for Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention has relation generally to airinjectors for feeding a draftof air to the firehoxes of locomotive or other boilers for the purposeof insuring the consumption of those products of combustion which arenot consumed on account of insuflicient draft, and which escape unburnedto the stack, and particularly to that form of injector shown andclaimed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 287,754, datedOctober 30, 1883.

My invention has for its object to subject the steam-supply used foroperating said in jectors to the direct action of the heat of thelire-box before said supply passes to the injector, so as to'raise thetemperature of said steam to a degree of heat varying from 800 to1,000,in order to admit of it taking a gaseous form; or, in other words,the steam is not only superheated but resolved into its gaseous elementsto form a hydrogen or water gas, which, while it is not a fixed gas, yetignites and burns along with the air injected by it into thefirebomwhereby the objections arising from the use in the firebox ofsteam that is more or less wet are avoided, greater economy in the useof fuel is secured, more steam is generated in the boiler than is donewhen natural draft alone is depended upon, a uniform distribution ofheat in the fire-box is secured,and the boiler is not inany way injured.

My invention accordingly consists of the combination, construction, andarrangement of parts as hereinafter described and claimed, havingreference particularly to a superheater or coil of pipe located so as tobe subjected to the most intense heat of the fire-box, a steampipeconnection between one end of said coil and the boiler, or its domepreferably, an airinjector located, preferably, in the ash-pit,and apipe-connection between the injector and the superheater,wl1ichpipe-connection is of a diameter much less than that of thesuperheatercoils to provide an outlet for the latter,which outlet incross-section is of less area than that of the superheater, whereby thesteam passing into the latter is subjected to back-pressure to retardits passage through the superheater until the heatin the firebox more orless resolves it into its gaseous elements.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, Figure1 represents an elevation, partly sectional, of a locomotive boiler,furnace, and-fire-box, showing a form of air-injector,superheater, andpipe-connections arranged for operation in accordance with my invention;Fig. 2, a perspective of the superheater-injector detached from theboiler-furnace; and Fig. 3 is a section through the length of theinjector.

A represents a locomotive or other boiler; 13, its firebox; 0, theash-pit; D, an airinjector located in the ash-pit in any suitablemanner. This injector may be of any desired form; but I prefer thatshown, described, and claimed in the above-mentioned patent.

The injector is preferably provided at its outlet end with a deflector,(Z, for throwing the air downwardly into the ash-pit to effectadistribution of theinjected air throughout the ash pit before passing tothe fire-box, as set forth and claimed by me in United States LettersPatent No. 853,351 and dated November 30, 1886.

E represents a superheater coil or box of any desired or suitable form,which is located in the fire-box adjacent to the fluesheet, as shown; orit may be otherwise located, as desired, varying to suit different typesof furnaces, and in all cases so located as to be subject to the mostintense heat generated in the furnace or fire-box. It has apipe-connection, c, with the boiler, or preferably with its dome a, andthis pipe is provided with a valve, 6', suitably located for cutting offthe steam-supply from and admitting it to the superheater.

From the outlet end 6 of the superheater leads a pipe, 6 which hasconnection with the cutoff pipe of the injector D, which cut-off pipe (2fprms the supply-pipe for the form of the injector shown, and a valvefor closing the communication between the injector and its steam orother supply, as fully described in said first-named patent.

The pipe e is of less diameter than that of the coils of thesuperheater, so that the steam in passing through the latter is retardedin its flow to subject it as long as possible to the intense heat in thefire-box to resolve it into its gaseous elements and produce a hydrogenor water gas for operating the injector, which gas also ignites andburns in the fire-box to increase the combustion.

, As the heat generated in the fire-box is above from 800 or 1,000,(moreor less,) the steam in the superheater located in the fire-box israpidly converted into gas, and it being of ahigh degree of temperaturethe pipes e and e become correspondingly hot to maintain the gas in amore or less fixed condition until it passes through the injector andinto the fire-box.

The gas generated as above described does notigniteatlowtemperatures.Hencealldanger of explosion in the boiler-room is avoided.

I do not confine my invention to the construction and arrangement ofdetails, as it is evident that the said details may be greatly variedwithout departing from the spirit of my invention.

I do not broadly claim a superheater connected with the boiler and theash-pit for the purpose of supplying superheated steam to the fire, assuch devices are old. My device differs from such construction in thatin the latter the superheated steam is passed into the fire-box withoutdisassociating the hydrogen from the oxygen,whereas in my device theflow of steam from the superheater is retarded in such manner as todisassociate the hydrogen from the oxygen which is taken up by the iron,while the hydrogen is passed directly to the ash-pit, where it entersthe mass of ignited coal in the firebox and is burned, and at the sametime may be used to operate an air-injector for feeding air to thefurnace.

What I claim is- 1. In combination with a boiler-furnace or firebox, asuperheater located within the furnace, so as to be subject to themostintense heat of the same,a pi pe-connection between the boiler andthe superheater, an air-injector for said fire-box or furnace, having apipe-connection with the out-let end of the superheater, whichpipe-connection is of less bore or diameter than that of the superheatercoils or pipes, whereby the steam-supply in the superheater is resolvedinto its gaseous elements for operating said injector, substantially asset forth.

2. In combination with a boiler-furnace or fire-box, a superheaterlocated in said fire-box, a pipe-connection having a cutoff between theboiler and superheater, and an air-injector for said fire-box,having apipe-connection with the outlet end of the superheater, which pipeconnection is of less diameter than that of the superheater coil orpipe,substantiall y as set forth.

3. In combination with a boiler, a furnace,a superheater located withinthe furnace, so as to be subject to the heat of the same, apipe-connection between the boiler and the superheater, an air-injectorfor said furnace, and a pipeconnection between the outlet end of thesuperheater and the air-injector, which pi pe-connection has a boresmaller than thatof the superheater coils or pipes, whereby thesteamsupply in the superheater is decomposed into its gaseous elementsfor operating said injector, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a boiler-furnace, a steam-pipe leading from thesteam-space of the boiler,a superheater connected with said steampipeand with the ash-pit by a reduced connection,which retards the flow fromthe superheater and causes. the heat of the fire-box to disassociate thegaseous elements of the steam in the superheater in the mannersubstantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ELIJAH B. CORNELL.

Witnesses:

J on RODGERS, S. J. VAN STAVQREN.

